Indonesia has the gift of sunshine . Almost in every corner of Indonesia , the sun shone all morning until the afternoon . Energy emitted by the sun can be converted into electrical energy by using solar panels . Solar Power Plant is environmentally friendly , and very promising . As an alternative to replace power plants use steam (with oil and coal). Developments in technology make solar panels better than the level of efficiency , long-lasting battery manufacture , manufacture of electronic devices that can use Direct Current , is very promising .
Solar power plants are power plants that convert solar energy into electrical energy. Electricity generation can be done in two ways, ie directly using photovoltaics and indirectly by the concentration of solar energy. Photovoltaic convert light energy directly into electricity using the photoelectric effect. Concentration of solar energy systems using lenses or mirrors combined with a tracking system to focus the sun’s energy into a single point to move the heat engine.
At this time the use of solar energy ( solar cell) is still considered expensive because of the lack of subsidies . Electricity that we use today is actually a subsidized electricity . Imagine exploitation / mining kerosene , coal ( damaging the environment) , the manufacture of steam power generation , power distribution , all of which were built at great expense .
The main benefits of solar power in rural / remote CCI is the availability of better quality lighting for the community , with a number of reasonable expenses . Advantage of the economic use of solar-powered electricity , among others :
- Efficient, because it does not require fuel , so it requires almost no operating expenses .
- Can be installed anywhere and can be moved when needed .
- Centralization can be applied ( PLTS is set in an area and the electricity generated is channeled through a distribution network to places in need ) and decentralized ( each a stand-alone system or individual , does not require a distribution network ) .
- Modular which means electricity generated capacity can be adapted to the needs by assembling modules in series and parallel .
- Can be operated automatically ( unattendable ) and using operations ( attendable ) .
- Without sound and does not cause environmental pollution .
- There are no moving parts , so it requires almost no maintenance costs . Required only if the dirty cleaning module and add water batteries ( distilled water ) .
Benefit from more social side :
- Improve the quality of human resources , because the process of teaching and learning can be done at night . In addition , the development of rural technology can be followed quickly by radio or television .
- Submission of information about the development and the results can be up correctly , so that manipulation of information can be prevented .
- Strengthen the rural environment of security defense system .
- With the availability of several options nighttime activities , the success of family planning programs could be improved .
Support efforts to accelerate the realization of equality of eight lines .
Main components :
1 . Solar Panel Module ( Solar Cell Panel )
Crystalin Solar Module is a device shaped flat function which convert sunlight into electricity fell kepermukaannya . Available capacity or type Mono Semikristal & Thin Film , capacities ranging from 5 Wp to 100 Wp .
2 . Power Management Tool ( Charge Controller )
Integrated with Battery Box , a box -shaped electronic device that regulates the flow of electricity from the Solar Module to the Accu and batteries or electricity from batteries or ACCU to light , TV or Radio or Tape anda.Charge – Discharge controller protects the battery from overcharging and protect from shorted or excessive shipping charge current to the input terminal . This tool also has several indicators that will provide convenience to users PLTS by providing information on the condition of the battery so that the user can control the solar power consumption according to the availability of electrical energy contained in the battery . In addition there are 3 other indicators mengimformasikan charging status , the excess charge and charging automatically when the battery is empty .
3 . Accu Batre
Is a tool that serves to save power and keep the stability of the power supply voltage , without having to add distilled water .
Working Principle of Solar Power
SPP Process Simulation
Schematic drawings Solar Electric Power Generation
Basically PLTS working principle is :
During the day the solar module receives sunlight and the light is then converted into electrical energy by the cells of the crystal through the photovoltaic process .
The electricity genera
ted by the power module is a direct current ( DC ) , which can directly load disalurkanke or stored in a battery before discharge to the load ; lights , radio , and others.
Issued by the voltage solar modules varies ; 6VDC , 12 VDC , 24 VDC , 36 VDC and 48 VDC per module . The power generated also varies from 10 Wattpeak ( Wp ) to 100 Wp per module with a different module dimensions according to their capacities .
To protect the solar system from excessive charging and discharging , used appliance regulator ( controller ) , where all electrical energy generated by the solar system and used to go through the regulating device .
For equipment that requires AC power , which is a tool used inverter DC – AC transformers are available in a variety of capacities . The electricity generated can be used to distribute the load , such as lighting , various electronic devices and mechanical devices driven by electricity .
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